MKOLONI MWEUSI TANGANYIKA
mkoloni mweusi 12 Januari 1964 alipinduwa serekali halali ya watu wa Zanzibar
April 1964 Mkoloni mweusi alianza hila za kumghilibu Sh Abeid Aman Karume, na pia kutimiza lile lengo lake la siku nyingi, kuua Taifa la Zanzibar.
22/04/1964 Mkoloni mweusi alifanya vitu vyake baada ya kulitia mikononi dola ya Zanzibar kwa gharama ya chee.
[KWA KUSHUHUDIA HAPA Julius K. Nyerere, Rais wa Jamuhuri ya Tanganyika na Abeid Karume, Rais wa Jamuhuri ya Watu wa Zanzibar, wametia sahihi nakala mbili za mkataba huu, hapa Zanzibar, siku ya tarehe ishirini na mbili ya mwezi wa Aprili, 1964.]
Mkoloni mweusi Katika mkataba huu, Mkoloni mweusi alichukua nguvu zetu za utaifa na udola, Wakachukua uwezo wetu wa kiuchumi nakadhalika, kwa mambo yafuatayo:
(a) mkoloni mweusi Ulinzi.
(b) mkoloni mweusi. Polisi.
(c) mkoloni mweusi. Mamlaka ya mambo yanayohusika na hali ya hatari.
(d) mkoloni mweusi. Uraia
(e) mkoloni mweusi. Uhamiaji
(f) mkoloni mweusi. Mikopo na Biashara ya Nchi za Nje.
(g) mkoloni mweusi. Utumishi katika Jamuhuri ya Muungano.
(h) mkoloni mweusi Kodi ya mapato inayolipwa na watu binafsi na mashirika, ushuru wa forodha na ushuru wa bidhaa zinazotengenezwa nchini na kusimamiwa na idara ya forodha.
(i) mkoloni mweusi Bandari, mambo yanayohusu usafiri wa anga, Posta na Simu.
25/04/1964 mkoloni mweusi alianza ubadhirifu wa hila, ujanja na udanganyifu wa kutumia kalamu kabla Muungano kuanza, juu ya yale waliyokubaliana na mwenzake Rais wa Zanzibar. Tarehe hii kulikua hakuna Bunge la Muungano, kwani lililazimika liundwe baada ya sheria kupitishwa pia wawemo wabunge wasiopunga 32 kutoka Zanzibar (wajumbe wa Baraza la Mapinduzi).
(i) mkoloni mweusi Bunge la Tanganyika lililokaa kupitisha sheria ya kukubali Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar, kwa makusudi, lilikubali kuifuta katiba ya Tanganyika na hivyo kuifuta Serikali yenyewe. Hivyo kuifanya katiba hiyo ya Tanganyika iwe katiba ya muungano.
“On the commencement of the Interim constitution of the United Republic, the Constitution of Tanganyika shall cease to have effect for the Government of Tanganyika as a separate part of the United Republic”
“Mara tu itapoanza kutumika katiba ya muda ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar, katiba ya Tanganyika itasita kutumika kwa ajili ya Serikali ya Tanganyika kama ni sehemu nje ya katiba na Serikali ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanganyika na Zanzibar”
(ii) mkoloni mweusi. Siku hii wafanyakazi wote wa Serikali ya Tanganyika wakawa wafanyakazi wa Muungano.
(iii) mkoloni mweusi Mahakama ya Tanganyika ikawa ndiyo ya Muungano, na Majaji wake wakawa ndio majaji wa Muungano .
(iv) mkoloni mweusi Muhuri wa Tanganyika nao ukawa ndio Muhuri wa Muungano (Public Seal).
(v) mkoloni mweusi Rais wa Tanganyika akajipa madaraka ya kutunga kanuni zilizompa uwezo wa kutoa maagizo yanayohusu mambo ya Muungano kwa kutumia kanuni (Decrees) za sheria ya Tanganyika. Pamoja na kupewa madaraka hayo na makubaliano ya Muungano, lakini kanuni hizo zilikua zitungwe na Bunge la Muungano siyo Bunge la Tanganyika.
11/12/1964 Mkoloni Mweusi alijibadilisha jina na kuanza kutumia usanii wake kwa kuunda jina la TANZANIA kinyume cha makubaliano na mwenzake.
“Prior to the enactment of the Interim constitution of 1965, another constitutional problem appears to have been created by the change of name of the United Republic from the United Republic of Tanganyika and Zanzibar to the United Republic of Tanzania, with effect from 11th December 1964 (declaration of Name Act 1964 (section 3).
18 Juni 1965 Mkoloni mweusi dhahiri shahiri aliziiba fedha na hazina za Zanzibar kwa kuanzisha Benki kuu ya Tanzania iliyoundwa kwa sheria ya benki Kuu ya Tanzania ya 1965. Kazi ya kwanza ya Tanganyika ikawa kuingiza shughuli za matumizi ya sarafu ya Tanganyika na utawala wa mabenki ya Tanganyika kuwa ni shughuli za Muungano. Mkoloni alipeleka Bungeni marekebisho ya Katiba hiyo na kuongeza kifungu cha orodha ya Makubaliano ya Muungano kinachohusu masuala ya fedha, mabenki, sarafu, fedha za kigeni na udhibiti wa fedha za kigeni kuwa katika orodha ya mambo ya Muungano kama inavyosemeka.
“The following matters are hereby reserved to the Parliament and Executive of the United Republic and declared Union matters: currency, coinage and legal tender (including paper money; banks (including saving banks) and banking; foreign exchange and exchange control; and subsection (1) of the section 68 of the Interim constitution is hereby amended by adding the said matters as a new item (xii) to the definition of “Union matters” therein.”
(Interim Constitution 1965)
22 Machi 1966 Mkoloni mweusi alizikumbiza haki na amana zote (assets) za Zanzibar zilizokuwemo katika Bodi hiyo zipelekwe katika Benki Kuu chini ya Serikali ya Muungano na kwamba kuanzia pale ni Gavana wa Benki Kuu ya Tanzania pekee ndiye tu ataeiwakilisha Tanzania katika Bodi hiyo.
Baadhi ya maelezo ya barua ya Mhe. Amir H. Jamal yanasomeka hivi:
“ On behalf of the Government of United Republic of Tanzania (hereinafter referred to as “the Government”) I have to say that in view of sub-clause xi and sub-clause xii of the definition of “Union matters” in section 85 of the Interim Constitution of Tanzania 1965 (No. 43 of 1965) barua inaendelea —— (a) —-,
(b) all distributions of capital or profits made by the Board in respect of Tanzania including any share which but for the provisions of the Interim Constitution, referred to above, would be payable direct to the Executive for Zanzibar, are due and payable only to the Government
Mwaka 1969 mkoloni mweusi Wameyaweka mafuta na gas asilia kuwa ni mambo ya muungano. Lakushangaza sheria zinazotumika ni za mwaka 1980.
[Petroleum exploration and development in Tanzania is governed by the Petroleum (Exploration and Production) Act 1980.]
5/2/1977 Mkoloni mweusi akahakikisha kwamba hatuna chama cha watu cha kutetea maslahi ya Zanzibar. Aliviunganisha vyama vya ASP na kile cha TANU. Mwishowe wameingia hata katika utamaduni wetu.
Mwaka 1977 Mkoloni mweusi alijifananiza na kinyonga, akaanza kujibadilisha tena jina la nchi yake ili apate kuibadilisha na nchi ya Zanzibar. Baada ya kutungwa kwa Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania ya mwaka 1977. Ibara ya 94(1) ya Katiba hiyo inaweka majina ya Tanzania Bara ikimaanisha iliyokuwa Jamhuri ya Watu wa Tanganyika na Tanzania Visiwani ikiwa ni ile iliyokuwa Jamhuri ya Watu wa Zanzibar.
Mwaka 1984 mkoloni mweusi alifanya mabadiliko mengine ya Katiba ya Jamhuri ya Muungano wa Tanzania. Mabadiliko hayo (The 5th Constitutional Amendment) yalifanywa ili kubadilisha maneno Tanzania Visiwani “Kuwa Tanzania Zanzibar” kwa kumaanisha ile iliokuwa Jamhuri ya Watu wa Zanzibar.
Mwaka 1992 Mkoloni mweusi alijitengenezea mfumo wa vyama vingi chini ya himaya yake. Hali iliyoibana Zanzibar kutokuwa na vyama vya kutetea maslahi yake pekee bila ya idhini ya mkoloni.
Mwaka 1993 Mkoloni mweusi alikataa katakata na kuilazimisha Zanzibar iliyokwisha jiunga na jumuiya ya OIC, kujitoa.
Mwaka 1995 Mkoloni mweusi alikiondosha cheo cha Rais wa Zanzibar kuwa Makamo wa Rais wa Jamhuri ya Muungano. Hali iliyopelekea kushuka hadhi ya Rais wa Zanzibar pamoja na kupoteza itifaki yake.
Mwaka 2003 Mkoloni Mweusi ulijikumbuzia mapato yatokanayo na uchumi wa Zanzibar pale walipoanzisha Tanzania Revenue Aothority (TRA).
Mwaka Mkoloni mweusi amejichukulia maliasili ya Zanzibar kwa kuifanya Bahari kuu (Deep sea) kuwa suala la muungano. Hata hivyo serikali ya Zanzibar bado haijaridhia uamuzi huu, tayari wameshaanza kuchukua mapato yapatikanayo kutoka bahari kuu
When the British Protectorate over Zanzibar was enforced in 1890, due to the death of Khalifa bin Said (ruler of Zanzibar), the island was in tatters. The new sultan was ‘allowed’ to continue in a ceremonial capacity but the British really called all the shots. By the end of World War I, the British were handed control of Tanganyika (to become Tanzania) but kept the two areas separate as Zanzibar still had a sultan.
No comments:
Post a Comment